Notes

1. For Reily’s support of Crusade to Free Cuba, see Brener, p. 47 and for his support of INCA see Arthur Carpenter, "Social Origins of Anticommunism: The Information Council of the Americas," Louisiana History #30, Spring 1989, p. 128.

2. HSCA Report, pp. 193-194. Alba’s recollection came several years after the incident and should be regarded with a measure of skepticism. However, corroboration of Oswald’s association with the FBI was offered by the Cuban proprietor of the Habana Bar located on Decatur Street in New Orleans. Orest Pena alleged that he saw Oswald and FBI agent, Warren deBrueys talking on a number of occasions. According to an interview Pena gave to author Mark Lane, he said "the CIA was aware of the relationship; deBrueys had introduced Oswald to contacts known by Pena to be CIA through his service to the Agency in providing lodging for Cuban defectors." Pena claims that deBrueys threatened him with physical harm if he revealed this to the Warren Commission. DeBrueys has denied Pena’s Claims. See Mark Lane, Plausible Denial (New York: Thunder’s Mouth Press, 1991), pp. 55-56.

3. Jim Garrison, A Heritage of Stone (New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1970), p.150.

4. Ibid.

5. NODA memo from Alcock to Ivon, March 6, 1967 and NODA memo from Alcock to Garrison, March 6, 1967.

6. NODA "Roundtable Discussion" with Garrison, Bill Turner, Bud Fensterwald, et. al. September 21, 1968. Transcript available at AARC.

7. Ibid.

8. CIA memo to file from M.D. Stevens, dated January 31, 1964, document # 1307-475.

9. Ibid.

10. NODA interview of Gerald Patrick Hemming, May 8, 1968.

11. In early 1961, the CIA ran a domestic destabilization operation against the FPCC under the direction of David Atlee Phillips and future Watergate conspirator, James McCord. After the CIA’s operation wound down, the FBI picked up the reigns and ran their own operations to infiltrate the FPCC. See John Newman, Oswald and the CIA (New York: Carroll and Graf, 1995), pp. 236-244.

12. NODA statement of John Irion, January 30, 1967.

13. According to William Walter, the security clerk on duty at the time of Oswald’s request, Quigley asked Walter to check the security indices to determine if there was an existing file on Oswald. Walter did indeed find a file on Oswald, which he recalled carried an informant classification. He also recalled that Special Agent Warren deBrueys’ name was on the jacket of that file. Amazingly, Walter would testify that he had also seen a Telex shortly before the assassination, warning that a "militant revolutionary group may attempt to assassinate President Kennedy on his proposed trip to Dallas." Since no other FBI employee could (or would) corroborate Walter’s revelations, the HSCA chose to disregard his testimony. But the HSCA could not provide any motive for Walter’s supposed subterfuge. He had no ax to grind with the FBI, he left the Bureau on good terms, and started a career in banking. He also did not seek notoriety or financial gain and believed the Warren Commission’s conclusions. Walter summed up nicely for the HSCA his thoughts about his colleagues’ silence, "I had gotten the [gut] feeling from everybody I talked to that ‘we know it is true, but we are not going to talk about it.’" From Walter’s Executive Session testimony to the HSCA, March 23, 1978, HSCA document #014029. As for Special Agent Quigley, he quit the FBI in early 1964 to go work for a wealthy Dallas right-winger named A.W. Cullum. Remarkably, in 1966, both Quigley and his wife left for a two-month trip behind the Iron Curtain. See NODA memo from Gary Sanders to Jim Garrison, December 11, 1967.

14. Summers, Conspiracy, p. 303.

15. James DiEugenio, Destiny Betrayed: JFK, Cuba, and the Garrison Case (New York: Sheridan Square Press, 1992), pp. 218-219.

16. One of the individuals was a local Tulane student named Charles Steele. The other, a young man of apparent Latin extraction, has yet to be identified.

17. David Chandler, "The Assassin’s Trail," Westword, November 25-December 1, 1992, p. 15.

18. Ray and Mary La Fontaine, Oswald Talked (Gretna, LA.: Pelican, 1996), p. 162.

19. Ibid.

20. Letter and enclosure from Roy Jacob to William Gurvich dated April 15, 1967. According to the results of the polygraph, Quiroga also lied when he answered "No" to the following questions:

- You have said you were in Lee Oswald’s company only on one occasion. Isn’t it a fact that you were in Oswald’s company on a number of occasions?

- In the late Summer and early Fall of 1963, Lee Oswald is often seen in the company of a stocky, unusually powerful man of Latin descent. Do you think you know the name of this man?

- Is it not a fact that at that time Oswald was in reality a part of an anti-Castro operation?

- According to your own knowledge, did Sergio Arcacha know Lee Oswald?

- Did Guy Banister?

- Did any other persons whom you know of?

- Prior to the assassination of the President, did you ever see any of the guns which were used in the assassination?

21. Interview with Delphine Roberts, August 27,1978, HSCA document #011196 and Summers, Conspiracy, p. 324.

22. Summers, Conspiracy, p.324.

23. Ibid., p. 325.

24. Hoke May’s interview of Bill Nitschke, May 11, 1967, from Hoke May’s files.

25. Ibid.

26. James DiEugenio’s interview with Dan Campbell, September 3, 1994.

27. Ibid.

28. Ibid.

29. Ibid.

30. Ibid.

31. Ibid.

32. DiEugenio interview with Allen Campbell, September 6, 1994.

33. Summers, Conspiracy, p. 324.

34. Ibid.

35. NODA interviews with George Higginbotham, April 12, 16, 17, 1968.

36. Salvatore Panzeca interview with Vernon Gerdes, April 7, 1967, from the Wegmann Collection.

37. Ibid.

38. Summers, Conspiracy, pp. 364-365.

39. Ibid.

40. NODA statement of Jack Martin, December 26, 1966.

41. NODA interviews with Mary Banister, April 29 & 30, 1967.

42. Interview with Tommy Baumler by Bud Fensterwald and J. Gary Shaw, dated December 30, 1981. Baumler also revealed that Banister and Shaw were "close" and was clear that "Oswald worked for Banister."

43. Johnson background information taken from CIA memo from Marguerite D. Stevens to Deputy Chief, SRS, dated September 12, 1967. Document number unknown, released in 1993.

44. Indeed Johnson may have been involved in a covert CIA project. According to the above referenced CIA memo, a "second" Guy Johnson, also from New Orleans, was granted a covert security clearance on January 12, 1954. The clearance was required for Johnson’s use in a project codenamed QK/ENCHANT. As we shall see later, Clay Shaw and others were also given covert security clearances for use in the same project. In addition, in 1954 Johnson was considered for use by the CIA as contract agent in Guam but the request was canceled, possibly because Johnson was "already in liaison with the Agency." CIA memorandum, Subject: Guy Persac JOHNSON (201-207873), April 23, 1968, released in 1993.

45. Letter from Guy Banister to Guy Johnson, January 5, 1959. It is interesting to note, that the National Student Association mentioned in the letter had been infiltrated and used by the CIA. This was revealed in a 1967 expose’ in Ramparts magazine and subsequently confirmed by the CIA.

46. CIA RIF # 1993.06.25.14:08:25:280800, Box # OSW16, Volume 56, from the National Archives collection.

47. Affidavit of Jack Martin and David Lewis, February 20, 1968.